Facts
Liopleurodons in the group of marine reptiles, were quite
fierce. That is, to fish, squid and sometimes even marine
reptiles! These prey reptilians were usually like
icthyosaurs
and
stenopterygius. Liopleurodon, the marine
reptile that we are are working on, had many capabilities
.
Although there was one annoying thing. That was that , unlike
modern day
lions and wolves, the teeth could not tear apart the catch
.
No need to fret! Big and strong
bones came out of the spinal cord top anchored powerful neck
muscles. The
Liopleurodon would use this capability to
the jaws from side to side to tear the victim apart.
Then the
Lioperiodon has a feast by
he/herself. The skin of a
Liopleurodon was
kind of like those of a shark's. After all,
Icthyosaurs were VERY fast. The longest
Liopleurodons
ever discovered was 49 ft long. the skull for that would be 5
ft long! That is as long as an adult is tall.
They lived at about 165-161 million years ago. The scientific term
is
Liopleurodon ferox.
Actions
These creatures used their flippers slightly differently than you
might think. They 'fly' through the water almost like a bird, or a
rowboat. This could have helped
the
Liopleurodon propel and accelerate
because you give all of the force backward no at a down angle. The
flippers kind of go in a circle. Did you know that the
technique of pliosaurs was tested by a swimming model robot that
was most likely what a
Liopleurodon act
like?
The power of the
Liopleurodon was enough to
burst out of the ocean and possibly nab a
pterodactyl or
something. The
Liopleurodon a great
sense of smell and
could smell blood from a mile away.
What they actually look like
Plesiosaurans possess an unusual body plan with a stiff trunk, a
short tail and smooth teeth. They had leaf shaped flippers and the
current understanding of
their anatomy of the nervous system. They look like Tylosaurus,
except for all the armor. As you can see, the flippers were about
as large as the legs of a person.
Something kind of weird about this image is the tip of the
tail.The
Liopleurodon, had quite large
nostrils, for the size of the head.
So did
ichthyosaurs. The teeth of
Liopleurodon
were
big
, strong and pointy. The back, was
ocean blue, the belly white, like the ocean foam. This creature
may
not have needed all this camouflage, being top predator and all.
But still, a pink
Liopleurodon would look
weird.
Scientist think it may have helped to creep up on the prey.
Fossil
sites
A tooth was located near Boulogne-sur-Mer, obviously, in France.
There are more sited in England and 1 in Russia. As you can see,
we are literally guessing the whole body.
There are also VERY small sites in Germany. based on modern
technology, we can guess A LOT. Another liopleurodon was
discovered in Kazakhstan, in the settlement of
Shchuchino. All of these pieces are located in the Laboratory of
Paleozoology in Kazakhstan.
Pliosaurus macromerus was partly found in Bazhanov,
Russia.
Skeletal structure
According to Dmitry V. Malkanhov, The front of the body surface of
the back vertebrae bears double-stripped rugosity(how wrinkled
something is. (: ). Caudal vertebrae
with chevron bone facets. The lateral surface of the centrum bears
rib facets, which are born on pedicles. The superior rib facet is
triangular in outline, the inferior one
is almost round. The size of both facets is almost equal.
The edge of the facet is slightly convaced, it bears a number
of irregularly shaped holes/pits. The centrum is round in outline,
with well developed peripheral groove. There is a finely developed
boss \, or mammilla in the center
of each articulating surface. The boss is punctured by the
nutritive foremen. The lateral surface of the centrum between
superior rib facet and neural arch is smooth with no
indication of ridge. The ventral surface is sculptured with
clearly distinguished rugosity. There is no evidence
of both the front of the body keel and ventral(front of body)lip
presence. After all, they are basically reptiles.
Do lizards have them? The cervical vertebra is short, length less
than half of width or height.
Measurements of the cervical vertebra No. 7/13-1958, mm, length ––
49 width –– 124, height –– 118.
Dorsal vertebrae No. 19/13–1958
The centrum is rather pear-shaped, narrowing upward. The
articulating surfaces bear well developed boss in the center,
which is punctured by pit. The ventral
surface has well marked double-stripped rugosity near the border
between the ventral surface these strips of rugosity is remarkably
smoother
Measurements of the dorsal vertebrae No. 19/13 – 1958, mm:
length –– 79,width –– 138, height –– 145.
Caudal vertebra No. 3/13–1958
The centrum bears one elongated dorso-ventrally rib facet on each
lateral surface. Rib facets are born on pedicles. The centrum is
almost round in shape. Small
mammillae with nutritive foremen are situated in the center
of each articulating surface. Articulating surfaces are slightly
concaved. The outline of the centrum is
sharp, without suggestion of the peripheral groove. The well
developed ridge occurs on the lateral surface of the centrum
is sculptured between rib facet and neural arch. The ventral
surface of the centrum is sculptured and bears a pair of nutritive
foramina. The well developed
chevron bone facets are found on the ventral surface of the
centrum. The centrum is slightly extended downward in crossection.
The caudal vertebrae is short, its length measured in the
midline is less than half of width or height.
Measurements of the caudal vertebra No. 3/13–1958, mm: length ––
43, width –– 115 .
Quick note: Sorry if this is very complicated text
References:
https://dinopedia.fandom.com/wiki/Liopleurodon
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285685402_Comparative_cranial_anatomy_of_two_North_American_Cretaceous_plesiosaurs
Malakhov, Dmitry;
Giant
Pliosaur (reptilia; Sauropterygia) From The Late Jurassic Of
Kazakhstan And Some Remarks On The Systematics Of Pliosauridae,
1999
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